The Marine Corps History Items are taken from the Annual USMC History Calendar published by the Marine Corps Association and Foundation.
The other history items are key portions of selected historical events from www.HistoryChannel.com. For more information on these events and to see the other events which occurred on this day in history, follow this link: http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history
The “Today in History” page is updated daily; 7 days a week.
09 January 2015
Explorers
Italian explorer Christopher Columbus, sailing near the Dominican Republic, sees three "mermaids"--in reality manatees--and describes them as "not half as beautiful as they are painted."
1768
Firsts
On this day, Englishman Philip Astley stages the first modern circus in London.
Writer Thomas Paine publishes his pamphlet "Common Sense," setting forth his arguments in favor of American independence. Although little used today, pamphlets were an important medium for the spread of ideas in the 16th through 19th centuries.
USMC
Marines participated in the Battle of La Mesa, CA during the Mexican War.
1861
Civil War
A Union merchant ship, the Star of the West, is fired upon as it tries to deliver supplies to Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. This incident was the first time shots were exchanged between North and South, although it did not trigger the Civil War.
On one of the worst days of the "worst winter in the West," nearly an inch of snow falls every hour for 16 hours, impeding the ability of already starving cattle to find food. Millions of cattle are estimated to have died during the "Great Die Up" as this winter came to be called, a darkly humorous reference to the celebrated "Round Up." Besides sending hundreds of ranches into bankruptcy, the hard winter also brought an abrupt end to the era of the open range. Realizing they would always have to grow crops to feed their animals, ranchers decreased the size of their herds and began to stretch barbed wire fences across the open range to enclose new hay fields.
Presidential
Richard Milhous Nixon, 37th president of the United States is born in California, the son of Quaker parents. He served as a Lieutenant Commander in the Navy in the Pacific Theater during WWII.
1915
USMC
The Marine Section is established at the Navy Flying School in Pensacola, FL.
In his State of the Union address, President Harry S. Truman warns Americans that they are "moving through a perilous time," and calls for vigorous action to meet the communist threat. Though Truman's popularity had nose-dived during the previous 18 months because of complaints about the way that he handled the Korean War, his speech received a standing ovation from congressmen and special guest Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
Inventions
Apple Inc. CEO Steve Jobs unveils the iPhonea touchscreen mobile phone with an iPod, camera and Web-browsing capabilities, among other featuresat the Macworld convention in San Francisco.